What are the symptoms of COVID-19?
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Answers ( 4 )
Q. What are the symptoms of Covid-19?
A. Well, QPP Craig Knowles, the common symptoms of Covid-19 at illness onset are fever, fatigue, dry cough, myalgia, and dyspnea. [1] In addition, some patients might suffer from headache, dizziness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. [2] Onset of disease may lead to progressive respiratory failure due to alveolar damage and even death. [3]
[1] Wang, D. et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA.
[2] Zhou, P. et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature.
[3] Zhu, N. et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N. Engl. J. Med.
The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, tiredness, and dry cough. Some patients may have aches and pains, nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat or diarrhea. These symptoms are usually mild and begin gradually. Some people become infected but don’t develop any symptoms and don’t feel unwell. Most people (about 80%) recover from the disease without needing special treatment. Around 1 out of every 6 people who gets COVID-19 becomes seriously ill and develops difficulty breathing. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like high blood pressure, heart problems or diabetes, are more likely to develop serious illness. People with fever, cough and difficulty breathing should seek medical attention.
How does COVID-19 spread?
People can catch COVID-19 from others who have the virus. The disease can spread from person to person through small droplets from the nose or mouth which are spread when a person with COVID-19 coughs or exhales. These droplets land on objects and surfaces around the person. Other people then catch COVID-19 by touching these objects or surfaces, then touching their eyes, nose or mouth. People can also catch COVID-19 if they breathe in droplets from a person with COVID-19 who coughs out or exhales droplets. This is why it is important to stay more than 1 meter (3 feet) away from a person who is sick.
What can I do to protect myself and prevent the spread of disease?
You can reduce your chances of being infected or spreading COVID-19 by taking some simple precautions:
Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water.
Why? Washing your hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub kills viruses that may be on your hands.
Maintain at least 1 meter (3 feet) distance between yourself and anyone who is coughing or sneezing.
Why? When someone coughs or sneezes they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus. If you are too close, you can breathe in the droplets, including the COVID-19 virus if the person coughing has the disease.
Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth.
Why? Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses. Once contaminated, hands can transfer the virus to your eyes, nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body and can make you sick.
Make sure you, and the people around you, follow good respiratory hygiene. This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. Then dispose of the used tissue immediately.
Why? Droplets spread virus. By following good respiratory hygiene you protect the people around you from viruses such as cold, flu and COVID-19.
Stay home if you feel unwell. If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention and call in advance. Follow the directions of your local health authority.
Why? National and local authorities will have the most up to date information on the situation in your area. Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly direct you to the right health facility. This will also protect you and help prevent spread of viruses and other infections.
Keep up to date on the latest COVID-19 hotspots (cities or local areas where COVID-19 is spreading widely). If possible, avoid traveling to places – especially if you are an older person or have diabetes, heart or lung disease.
Why? You have a higher chance of catching COVID-19 in one of these areas.
Self-isolate by staying at home if you begin to feel unwell, even with mild symptoms such as headache, low grade fever (37.3 C or above) and slight runny nose, until you recover. If it is essential for you to have someone bring you supplies or to go out, e.g. to buy food, then wear a mask to avoid infecting other people.
Why? Avoiding contact with others and visits to medical facilities will allow these facilities to operate more effectively and help protect you and others from possible COVID-19 and other viruses.
If you develop fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical advice promptly as this may be due to a respiratory infection or other serious condition. Call in advance and tell your provider of any recent travel or contact with travelers.
Why? Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly direct you to the right health facility. This will also help to prevent possible spread of COVID-19 and other viruses.
COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?
(based on reported cases in China)
dry throat / sore throat (initial infection)
dry cough (unproductive cough / little to no expectoration)
fever (above 37 degrees Celsius)
myalgia (muscle pains)
rigor (chills)
malaise (feeling unwell)
sweating
fatigue
dyspnea / shortness of breath (viral infection is spreading in lower respiratory tract)
pneumonia
secondary bacterial infections (opportunistic infections)
SOURCE:
Wang et. al. publication, JAMA:
Fever 98.6%
Fatigue 69.6%
Dry cough 59.4%
Other symptoms:
loss of appetite
gastrointestinal irritations (e.g. diarrhea)
expectoration / spitting
nausea + dizziness
headache
vomiting
anosmia / loss of sense of smell & taste (recent anecdotal reports)
HOW LONG DO SYMPTOMS LAST? (based on 55,924 laboratory confirmed cases)
Mild cases: approximately 2 weeks
Severe or critical disease: 3 – 6 weeks
Time from onset to the development of severe disease (including hypoxia): 1 week
Among patients who have died, the time from symptom onset to outcome ranges from 2 – 8 weeks.
Onset of symptom to, median (IQR), in days
Hospital admission: 7 days
Dyspnea (shortness of breath): 5 days
ARDS: 8 days
Other facts:
approx. 80% of cases are mild
20% of cases will require hospital treatment
approx. 5% will need intensive care